Following our recent online workshops led by Victoria Miguel, a writer and specialist in the work of artist and composer John Cage (1912–1992, we have been applying Cage’s process of ‘writing through’ – a method of using mesostic poetry to transform existing texts – to letters exchanged between the celebrated Scottish author and essayist Thomas Carlyle and the American writer Ralph Waldo Emerson. A mesostic is similar to an acrostic except that rather than using a key name or phrase that runs down the left margin, in a mesostic this key name or phrase runs through the middle. Using the same key, JOHN CAGE, we created 191 eight-line mesostic poems, mirroring the 191 known letters exchanged between the two writers from Boston, London, and Dunscore and Thornhill in Dumfries and Galloway. 

Emerson visited the Carlyles at their home in Craigenputtock, Dunscore, Dumfriesshire in August 1833, and his life-long correspondence with Thomas Carlyle influenced fellow writer Henry David Thoreau, who wrote about Carlyle (and briefly about the Dumfriesshire landscape) whilst famously staying on Walden Pond on land owned by Emerson. John Cage returned repeatedly to the writings of Henry David Thoreau as a source for his practice of ‘writing through.’ 

Cage’s process of ‘writing through’ has been applied to the correspondence of Carlyle and Emerson, using chance and the computer programme IC (developed for John Cage) to determine how many and which of the letters we would each use as source material for our writing through.